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Indonesia
Index
Indonesia's mineral resources were dominated by crude
petroleum
and natural gas but included significant reserves of coal,
tin,
nickel, copper, gold, and bauxite. Much industrial
development was
based on increased domestic processing of oil and natural
gas. Most
mineral production was exported after some degree of
domestic
processing to industrial nations, primarily Japan. In some
cases,
Indonesia's own mineral intensive industries, such as
steel and
aluminum, relied on imports of raw materials. Krakatau
Steel
imported about 2 million tons of high-grade iron ore in
1989, and
P.T. Indonesia Asahan Aluminum imported 360,000 tons of
alumina
from Australia. On balance, however, Indonesia was a net
exporter
of minerals in large part because of petroleum exports. In
1989 the
total value of mineral exports was US$10 billion, almost
90 percent
of which was oil or liquefied natural gas; mineral imports
were
only US$1.4 billion (see
table 27, Appendix).
Data as of November 1992
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