Crop residue

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Organic residue remaining after the harvesting and processing of a crop. (source: EPA)

Background from Wikipedia

There are two types of agricultural crop residues. Field residues are materials left in an agricultural field or orchard after the crop has been harvested. These residues include stalks and stubble (stems), leaves, and seed pods. Good management of field residues can increase efficiency of irrigation and control of erosion. Process residues are those materials left after the processing of the crop into a usable resource. These residues include husks, seeds, bagasse, and roots. Crop residues can be used as animal fodder and soil amendment, and in manufacturing.

Backlash dims ethanol boom at a critical time in US  -  22 Oct 2007
Checkbiotech.org (press release),...to encourage investment in higher-cost distilleries that will produce the alcohol from crop residue, wood chips and other sources of plant cellulose.

The importance of crop residue  -  Oct 13, 2007
High Plains Journal,More than half of the land in our county is now farmed under one of these methods of maintaining and managing crop residue on the surface to save moisture

Crop Residue Provides Protection to Soil Resources  -  Oct 8, 2007
The Farmer,Whether landowners planted corn, beans, or wheat this year, leaving crop residue on the soil surface over winter is a valuable contribution to the quality

Residue management saves soil  -  Sep 25, 2007
Beaver Dam Daily Citizen,Residue management is the practice of maintaining some or all of the previous year's crop residue on the soil surface over winter and even after the next

NDSU offers help to find the right strip-till equipment  -  Oct 12, 2007
Bismarck Farm & Ranch Guide,It has the potential to reduce erosion, compared with full tillage because most of the soil remains covered with crop residue. It also keeps the advantages

Plant is a prototype for Kansas  -  Oct 12, 2007
Kansas.com,York, Neb., is home to a 1/100 scale ethanol plant that generates ethanol from crop residue. BY NANCY GAARDER YORK, Neb. - A test facility in York is

Harkin reaches deal on farm bill; new subsidies included  -  Oct 18, 2007
DesMoinesRegister.com,The legislation would provide loan guarantees, grants and subsidies to begin production of fuel ethanol from crop residue and other sources of biomass.

Forage Focus: What's "The Rest Of The Story" On Harvesting And ...  -  Oct 3, 2007
CattleNetwork.com,With corn and soybeans coming off around Ohio and forage supplies remaining at critically low levels, the "question of the day" we're hearing now revolves

Europe wants creative ways to boost biofuels industry  -  Oct 18, 2007
DesMoinesRegister.com,Royal Nedalco wants to make alcohol for fuel out of plant cellulose, the cheap and plentiful stuff that makes up crop residue, as well as wheat straw,

Fight the urge to fall till says conservation agronomist  -  Sep 28, 2007
Brownfield,..."You get the benefits of maintaining the crop residue on the soil surface but right where the soil environment, the seed is placed is gonna be warm and dry

Nebraska sees dramatic increase in carbon credit program enrollments  -  Oct 16, 2007
Grand Island Independent,...carbon in the soil through no-till crop production that leaves 30 percent or more crop residue on the land or through long-term grass seeding practices.

Fight the Urge to Fall Till and Save Gas, Soil  -  Oct 1, 2007
Prairie Farmer,Leaving crop residue over the winter is a valuable contribution to the soil and protects the farm from erosion. Resisting the urge to till also saves money

Texas A&M, Ceres To Develop Sorghum For Cellulosic Ethanol  -  Oct 1, 2007
CNNMoney.com...(ADM) also announced late last week that they have come to an agreement on developing biocrude, a product made from crop residue, wood residue and energy

Hoosier Harvest Enters Second Half  -  Oct 15, 2007
Hoosier Ag Today,Farmers continue to bale crop residue to supplement short hay stocks. Indiana remains dry with 71% of the top soil rated as short to very short and 70% of

Southern Africa: Cutting Edge Farming Methods Boost Production  -  Sep 25, 2007
AllAfrica.com,CA is a method of farming that minimises soil disturbance, applies more precise timing for planting and utilises crop residue to retain moisture and enrich

Harvest Tour 3: Northern Iowa - 10/3/2007  -  Oct 3, 2007
Farms.com,His planter is set up with row cleaners to clear crop residue off the berms at planting. He doesn't use starter fertilizer, but he is considering updating

ConocoPhillips and ADM announce joint venture  -  Oct 1, 2007
Ethanol Producer Magazine,The result would be the conversion of crop residue, wood residue and energy crops such as switchgrass into biocrude and then refine that biocrude into a

Burn it Professionally in Biomass Energy System  -  Oct 18, 2007
openPR (press release),The Manitoba crop residue burning program (www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/soilwater/soil/fbd09s00.html) introduced by the province in 1992, to mitigate its

Cellulose touted for making ethanol  -  Oct 17, 2007
Crain's Detroit Business,A wider availability of source material, including hay, straw, wood, crop residue and trash. Corn-based ethanol decreases greenhouse gases by 52 percent

Watch for Damage and Disease at Corn Harvest  -  Sep 28, 2007
Nebraska Farmer,..."These weakened stalks are then more likely to become infected by stalk rot fungi surviving in past year's crop residue," Jackson said.

Drought cuts cattle's winter food supply  -  Oct 16, 2007
Early County News,Others are buying feed additives, such as brewers' grains, cotton gin trash and crop residue, to try and extend their hay supplies. Some are already selling

Testing forage important for livestock  -  Oct 16, 2007
News-Democrat & Leader,...“Nitrate poisoning can occur when feeding forages in which nitrates can accumulate, such as crop residue,� Commissioner Farmer said.

Artificial ethanol glut could set back energy independence  -  Oct 16, 2007
Bucyrus Telegraph Forum,The US Congress is working on legislation that would promote the production and distribution of fuel ethanol from cellulose sources such as crop residue,

Farmers urged to use caution when spreading manure in winter  -  Oct 7, 2007
Oshkosh Northwestern,...or if the cropland has more than 30 percent crop residue cover on the soil surface, or if a cover crop is established promptly after application.

Protecting our soil and water is worth the inconvenience  -  Oct 15, 2007
Delta Democrat Times (subscription),Not plowing during the winter months, which causes the soil to be left without any vegetative or crop residue protection, can be a pain.

‘Survival Of The Fittest’ Revised. To The Breeders, To Make Much ...  -  Oct 1, 2007
American Chronicle,...animal fodder from the stalks, fuel from the bagasse, fertilizer from the crop residue; sweet sorghum can be grown in the worst places.

Trash burns cause field fires in McLean, nearby counties  -  Oct 1, 2007
Bloomington Pantagraph,The cover crop raises the relative humidity in the crop residue canopy, making it harder to ignite. -- Only burn brush piles under the right circumstances

Shelters targeted to pay for farm bill  -  Oct 4, 2007
DesMoinesRegister.com,The items the money would fund include a new tax credit for companies that make ethanol from crop residue and other sources of biomass; extensions of

No-till farming method gains ground in Mower County  -  Oct 3, 2007
Post-Bulletin,Mike Muzzy, district conservationist for the National Resources Conservation Service in Austin prefers the term "crop residue," but he agrees with Gehling.

Oklahoma Bioenergy Center projects in the works  -  Oct 10, 2007
Journal Record (subscription),Cellulosic biomass is plant material from grasses and forage, crops and crop residue, forestry waste and other sources that can be converted into cellulosic

Life-long tinkerer develops new applicator  -  Oct 10, 2007
EastOregonian.info (subscription),The system is more durable than previous models; it's able to penetrate hard ground and stubble from previous crop residue. Also, because the system injects

California Beef Cattle Industry Facts  -  Oct 10, 2007
CattleNetwork.com,During the fall, cattle may graze crop residue, residual rangeland, or pasture forage. Cattle may be fed hay or transported out of the region during the

Corn Farmers Making Environmental Progress  -  Sep 27, 2007
Wallace's Farmer,By working more crop residue back into the soil, it improves the soil's ability to hold moisture and nutrients. Conservation tillage has reduced runoff from

Study: Cow-Powered Fuel Cells Grow Smaller, Mightier  -  Oct 9, 2007
Payvand,Indeed, cellulose is plentiful on most farms, as harvesting usually leaves plenty behind in the form of crop residue in fields.

Senate committee approves farm tax package  -  Oct 5, 2007
Lancaster Eagle Gazette,...of the next generation of fuel ethanol from sources other than corn starch, such as crop residue, wood chips and other types of plant cellulose.

NASA MODIS Image of the Day: September 28, 2007 - Fires and Thick ...  -  Sep 28, 2007
Space Ref (press release)Agricultural fires (for example, fires for brush or crop-residue clearing) can get out of control and spread to surrounding forests and other natural areas.

Expert warns state about ethanol pollution  -  18 Aug 2007
High Plains Journal,One ethanol plant, Cruse said, would need a pile of crop residue 25-feet deep covering 100 acres every year to operate. Cruse advocates using multiple

Local crews sent to grass fire  -  18 Aug 2007
Midland Daily News,The ban includes burning garbage, brush, grass, leaves and crop residue. Campfires are not allowed at any state forest campgrounds or other unsupervised

In the Neighborhood  -  18 Aug 2007
Battle Creek Enquirer,Burning of any flammable material, including refuse, brush, stumps, rubbish, grass, stubble, leaves or crop residue. Pipe, cigar or cigarette smoking

Granholm orders burning ban  -  18 Aug 2007
Monroenews.com,...stubble, leaves or crop residue. n Pipe, cigar and/or cigarette smoking outdoors adjacent to forest lands, with the exception of places of habitation;

Ag producers learn more about no till cultivation practices on Ag Day  -  Aug 15, 2007
Garden City Telegram,...has practiced both no till and reduced till, cultivation methods that cut down on land preparation and allow crop residue to be left on the field.

Grazing Crop Residue A Good Way to Cut Feed Costs  -  Jul 26, 2007
Discover Moose Jaw,When annual crops are grown and harvested for seed, the crop residue is essentially a by-product generated at no extra cost. The cheapest and easiest method

Crop Residue Summer Tour Set  -  Jul 24, 2007
McPherson Sentinel,By BARON SHIVELY, McPherson District Conservationist The Central Kansas Residue Alliance 2007 Summer Tour has been scheduled for Aug. 10.

Rothsay expo showcases advantages with strip tillage  -  Aug 15, 2007
Fergus Falls Daily Journal,With strip tillage, a strip seven to nine inches wide is tilled, and crop residue from last year's crop is maintained between rows. This reduces passes over

Different effects and ways to beat the summer heat  -  Aug 16, 2007
Garden City Telegram,If you have some crop residue to remove from a previous crop, chop the residue with a lawn mower and lightly till the soil surface after the residue has had

Scientists propose new cropping strategies for a variable climate  -  Jul 29, 2007
Hindu,Over a three-year period, USDA researchers used a unique crop by crop-residue matrix design to evaluate the effects of 100 crop sequences on crop production

Wild weather might force farming changes  -  Jul 30, 2007
Earthtimes.orgThe researchers used a unique crop by crop-residue matrix design to evaluate the effects of 100 crop sequences on crop production, plant diseases,

Conservation Tillage Critical to Farmers Growing More Corn  -  Aug 13, 2007
Farm Bureau NewsIn fact, a county-by-county crop residue management survey by the CTIC shows only about 33 percent of all cropland acres in the US are still planted using

Iowa faces challenges in ethanol production  -  Aug 9, 2007
Checkbiotech.org (press release),Cruse warned that growing bumper corn crops and harvesting both the grain and stalk materials, or crop residue, would spawn soil erosion that could carry

Court Ruling: Stover V. Stubble  -  Aug 8, 2007
Forbes,They asked for damages for the crop residue, which they said had market value as livestock feed. A specific amount was not specified in appeals court

Missing in N. Idaho: Smoke from burning fields of bluegrass  -  Aug 15, 2007
Bellingham Herald,..."I can go out," said Evans, who has asthma and was a plaintiff in a lawsuit that led to a ban on crop residue burning in Idaho. "I can go fishing.

Conventional Plowing Is 'Skinning Our Agricultural Fields'  -  Aug 8, 2007
Science Daily (press release)By stirring crop residue into the soil surface, no-till farming can gradually increase organic matter in soil, as much as tripling its carbon content in

FPL Energy signs agreement with Citrus Energy for cellulosic ...  -  Aug 6, 2007
Ethanol Producer Magazine,Unlike other proposed cellulose-to-ethanol plants, however, the facility won't use wood residue or crop residue as its feedstock. The two companies plan to

The Rumplestiltskin of Rice Straw  -  Aug 2, 2007
Ethanol Producer Magazine,...produce nearly 20 percent of all the rice grown in the United States, and they relish the thought of turning their troublesome crop residue into gold.

Irrigation Strategies Field Tours Statewide in August  -  Aug 6, 2007
Nebraska Farmer,Predicting the Last Irrigation, Furrow Irrigation Study Results, Water Savings with Crop Residue Management, Yield Effects of Skip Row Planted Corn,

Appeals court rules for farmer in case case of corn stover  -  Aug 8, 2007
WQAD,They asked to recover for damages for the crop residue, which they said had market value as livestock feed. The insurance company said it was stubble,

AP Top Kansas News at 3:58 am CDT  -  Aug 5, 2007
Hays Daily News,...(AP) -- A Spanish company has chosen this southwest Kansas town as the site of the first US plant to turn crop residue and other vegetation into ethanol.

Strip tilling saves soil and money  -  Aug 1, 2007
Waterloo Cedar Falls Courier,Years of corn-on-corn production builds up crop residue, which hampers soils from warming up and drying in the spring. Strip-tillage fertilizer applicators

UW Organic Ag Field Day Set for Aug. 30 at Arlington  -  Aug 3, 2007
Wisconsin Agriculturist,It also provides crop residue to protect the soil." The lack of moisture this season has limited the effectiveness of this technique, says Stangel.

Asthmatics breathe easier this summer  -  Aug 14, 2007
The Spokesman Review,...do things I haven’t been able to do for 30 years,� said Evans, a plaintiff in the lawsuit that resulted in the banning of crop residue burning in Idaho.

Senate may look to House's farm bill  -  Aug 1, 2007
DesMoinesRegister.com,...including loan guarantees for companies that want to make fuel ethanol from crop residue, wood chips and other sources of plant cellulose.

Farming innovations help stretch stressed resource  -  Jul 21, 2007
Omaha World-Herald (subscription),Laux, who farms with his father, Bill, switched four years ago to no-till farming, which leaves crop residue on the ground to slow erosion and gradually add

No-Till for Pacific Northwest?  -  Jul 22, 2007
NEWSFOOD.com Primo piano,Ideally, in dry regions, crops should be grown with no tillage every year, to conserve water and leave crop residue to protect soil from wind erosion.

Spanish company chooses Kansas town for cellulosic ethanol plant  -  Aug 4, 2007
International Herald Tribune,AP HUGOTON, Kansas: A Spanish company has chosen the town of Hugoton in southwestern Kansas as the site of the first US plant to turn crop residue and other

Iowa business briefs: Betts becomes official Land Rover dealer  -  Aug 9, 2007
DesMoinesRegister.com,They asked for damages for the crop residue, which they said an expert witness would indicate had market value of $160000. The appeals court said an

Earth's dirty little secret: Slowly but surely we are skinning our ...  -  Aug 4, 2007
exduco.net,But Montgomery argues that their primary farming method -- plowing under any crop residue and leaving the surface exposed to wind and water erosion for long

Beware pre-harvest volunteer wheat  -  Jul 27, 2007
High Plains Journal,An option that conserves crop residue is to use herbicides to control volunteer. If the volunteer wheat is growing well and not stressed, glyphosate can

Investors sought for bioenergy company  -  Aug 8, 2007
Garden City Telegram,While he practices no till, which leaves crop residue on the field, he said there could be scenarios in which there's excess biomass that could be removed

Cellulose plant coming to Kansas  -  Aug 5, 2007
News-Leader.com,A Spanish company has chosen this southwest Kansas town as the site of the first US plant to turn crop residue and other vegetation into ethanol.

Spanish company chooses Hugoton for cellulosic ethanol plant  -  Aug 4, 2007
KBSD,...(AP) - A Spanish company has chosen Hugoton in southwest Kansas as the site of the first US plant to turn crop residue and other vegetation into ethanol.

Renewable And Clean Energy In China  -  Aug 3, 2007
Mondaq News Alerts (subcription),The biomass industry is diverse (including straw, animal waste, wood waste and crop residue) and not without its own challenges but due to improved policy

COMBINE SETTINGS: Sieves  -  Aug 2, 2007
FarmersWeekly,The middle section should carry a mixture of grain and crop residue. The rear third should carry only trash. (See diagram) If the sieve is totally covered,

Creating commercial products from raw, agricultural processing  -  Jul 27, 2007
High Plains Journal,Madl said crop residue and agricultural industry co-products may be the initial source of cellulose for new cellulosic ethanol plants before distributed

Biofuels may need billions  -  Jul 25, 2007
The Daily Advertiser,...system for ethanol and to underwrite production of ethanol from new feedstocks such as crop residue, wood chips and other sources of plant cellulose.

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