Ghana - REFERENCE

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Afrifa, Akwasi A. The Ghana Coup. London: Cass, 1966.

Agbodeka, Francis. African Politics and British Policy in the
     Gold Coast, 1868-1900. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern
     University Press, 1971.

Alexander, H.T. African Tightrope: My Two Years as Nkrumah's
     Chief of Staff. New York: Praeger, 1966.

Allman, Jean Marie. The Quills of the Porcupine: Asante
     Nationalism in an Emergent Ghana. Madison: University of
     Wisconsin Press, 1993.

Anquandah, James. "The Archaeological Evidence for the Emergence of
     Akan Civilization," Tarikh [Ibadan], 7, No. 2, 1982,
     9-21.

Anquandah, James. Rediscovering Ghana's Past. Essex:
     Longman, 1982.

Apter, David E. The Gold Coast in Transition. Princeton:
     Princeton University Press, 1955. Reprint. (Ghana in
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     Press, 1972.

Arhin, Kwame. "The Structure of Greater Ashanti," Journal of
     African History [Cambridge], 7, No. 1, 1976, 65-85.

Austin, Dennis. "Opposition in Ghana, 1947-67," Government
     and Opposition [London], 2, No. 4, October 1967, 539-55.

Austin, Dennis. "Return to Ghana," African Affairs
     [Oxford], 69, No. 274, January 1970, 67-71.

Austin, Dennis. "The Ghana Armed Forces and Ghanaian Society,"
     Third World Quarterly [London], 7, No. 1, January
     1985, 90-101.

Austin, Dennis, and Robin Luckham. Politicians and Soldiers in
     Ghana, 1966-1972. London: Cass, 1975.

Boahen, A. Adu. The Ghanaian Sphinx: Reflections on the
     Contemporary History of Ghana, 1972-1987. Accra and New
     York: Ghana Democratic Movement, 1989.

Bretton, Henry L. The Rise and Fall of Kwame Nkrumah: A

     Study of Personal Rule in Africa. New York: Praeger,
     1966.

Busia, Kofi Abrefa. The Position of the Chief in the Modern
     Political System of Ashanti. London: Oxford University
     Press, 1951.

Chazan, Naomi. An Anatomy of Ghanaian Politics: Managing
     Political Recession, 1969-1982. Boulder, Colorado:
     Westview Press, 1983.

Chazan, Naomi. "Liberalization, Governance, and Political Space in
     Ghana." Pages 121-41 in Goran Hyden and Michael Bratton
     (eds.), Governance and Politics in Africa. Boulder,
     Colorado: Lynne Rienner, 1992.

Chazan, Naomi. "The Political Transformation of Ghana under the
     PNDC." Pages 21-47 in Donald Rothchild (ed.), Ghana: the
     Political Economy of Recovery. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne
     Rienner, 1991.

Claridge, William Walton. A History of the Gold Coast and
     Ashanti. (2 vols.) London: J. Murray, 1915.

Cooper, Frederick. "The Problem of Slavery in African Studies,"
     Journal of African History [Cambridge], 20, No. 1,
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Crowder, Michael, and J.F. Ade Ajayi (eds.). History of West
     Africa. New York: Columbia University Press, 1972.

Curtin, Philip D. The Atlantic Slave Trade: A Census.
     Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1969.

Davidson, Basil. Black Star: A View of the Life and Times of
     Kwame Nkrumah. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1989.

Decalo, Samuel. Coups and Army Rule in Africa: Studies in
     Military Style. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976.

Edsman, Bjorn M. Lawyers in Gold Coast Politics, ca. 1900-
     1945. Uppsala: University of Uppsala, 1979.

Fage, J.D. A History of West Africa: An Introductory
     Survey. (4th ed.) London: Cambridge University Press,
     1969.

Fage, J.D. "Slavery and the Slave Trade in the Context of West
     African History," Journal of African History
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Fage, J.D. "Reflections on the Early History of the Mossi-

Dagomba Group of States." Pages 177-92 in Jan Vansina, et al.
     (eds.), The Historian in Tropical Africa. London:
     Oxford University Press, 1964.

Finley, Moses I. Ancient Slavery and Modern Ideology.
     Middlesex, United Kingdom: Penguin Books, 1980.

Fitch, Robert Beck, and Mary Oppenheimer. Ghana: End of an
     Illusion. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1966.

Forde, Daryll, and P.M. Kaberry (eds.). West African Kingdoms
     in the Nineteenth Century. London: Oxford University
     Press for the International African Institute, 1967.

Fynn, John K. Asante and Its Neighbours, 1700-1807.
     London: Longman, 1971.

Ghana. Supreme Military Council. Office of the Press Secretary.
     Fourth Year in Office of Colonel Ignatius Kutu Acheampong,
     13th January 1975-12th January 1976. Accra: Office of the
     Press Secretary of the SMC, 1976.

Ghana. General Kutu Acheampong: The Fifth Milestone, 13 January
     1976-12 January 1977. Accra: Office of the Press
     Secretary of the SMC, 1977.

Goldsworthy, David. "Ghana's Second Republic: A Post Mortem,"
     African Affairs [Oxford], 72, No. 286, 1973, 8-25.

Hailey, William M. Native Administration in the British African
     Territories, Part III: West Africa. London: HMSO, 1951.

Hargreaves, John D. The End of Colonial Rule in West
     Africa. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1979.

Harrell-Bond, Barbara E. Ghana's Troubled Transition to
     Civilian Government. (American Universities Field Staff,
     Fieldstaff Reports, No. 48.) Hanover, New Hampshire: AUFS,
     1979.

Harrell-Bond, Barbara E. Diary of a Revolution 'Which Might
     Have Been'. (American Universities Field Staff,
     Fieldstaff Reports, Nos. 24-25.) Hanover, New Hampshire: AUFS,
     1980.

Haynes, Jeff. "Human Rights and Democracy in Ghana: The Record of
     the Rawlings' Regime," African Affairs [Oxford], 90,
     No. 360, July 1991, 407-25.

Haynes, Jeff. "The PNDC and Political Decentralization in Ghana,
     1981-91," Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative
     Politics [London], 29, No. 3, November 1991, 283-307.

Howard, Rhoda. Colonialism and Underdevelopment in Ghana.
     New York: Africana, 1978.

Hyden, Goran, and Michael Bratton (eds.). Governance and
     Politics in Africa. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner,
     1992.

International Monetary Fund. Ghana: Adjustment and Growth,
     1983-1991. Washington: 1991.

Jeffries, Richard. "Rawlings and the Political Economy of
     Underdevelopment in Ghana," African Affairs [Oxford],
     81, No. 324, July 1982, 307-17.

Jeffries, Richard. "The Ghanaian Elections of 1979," African
     Affairs [Oxford], 79, No. 316, July 1980, 397-414.

Kimble, David. A Political History of Ghana, 1850-1928.
     London: Clarendon Press, 1963.

Kraus, Jon. "Arms and Politics in Ghana." Pages 154-221 in Claude
     E. Welch, Jr. (ed.), Soldier and State in Africa: A
     Comparative Analysis of Military Intervention and Political
     Change. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University
     Press, 1970.

Ladouceur, Paul Andre. Chiefs and Politicians: The Politics of
     Regionalism in Northern Ghana. London: Longman, 1979.

Lawrence, Arnold Walter. Trade, Castles, and Forts of West
     Africa. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1964.

Lawrence, Arnold Walter. Fortified Trade-posts: The English in
     West Africa, 1645-1822. London: Jonathan Cape, 1969.

LeVine, Victor T. Political Corruption: The Ghana Case.
     Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1975.

Levtzion, Nehemia. Muslims and Chiefs in West Africa.
     Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968.

Lugard, Frederick. The Dual Mandate in British Tropical
     Africa. Edinburgh: Blackwood, 1922.

Lystad, Robert. The Ashanti. New Brunswick: Rutgers
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McCaskie, Thomas. "Komfo Anokye of Asante: Meaning, History and
     Philosophy in an African Society," Journal of African
     History [Cambridge], 27, No. 2, 1986, 315-39.

McCaskie, Thomas. State and Society in Precolonial Asante.
     Cambridge: Cambrige University Press, 1995.

Makepeace, Margaret. "English Traders on the Gold Coast, 1657-1668:
     An Analysis of the East India Company Archives," History
     in Africa, 16, 1989, 237-84.

Martin, Eveline Christiana. The British West African
     Settlements, 1750-1821. London: Longmans, Green, for the
     Royal Colonial Institute, 1927.

Mbaeyi, Paul Mmegha. British Military and Naval Forces in West
     African History, 1807-1874. New York: Nok, 1978.

Metcalfe, George E. Maclean of the Gold Coast. London:
     Oxford University Press, 1962.

Meyerowitz, Eva L.R. The Early History of the Akan States of
     Ghana. London: Red Candle Press, 1974.

Ninsin, Kwame. "Ghanaian Politics After 1981: Revolution or
     Evolution?" Canadian Journal of African Studies
     [Ottawa], 21, No. 1, 1987, 17-37.

Ninsin, Kwame, and F.K. Drah (eds.). The Search for Democracy
     in Ghana: A Case Study of Political Instability in
     Africa. Accra: Asempa, 1987.

Nkrumah, Kwame. Consciencism: Philosophy and Ideology of
     Decolonization and Development with Particular Reference to
     the African Revolution. London: Heinemann, 1964. Reprint.
     New York: Monthly Review Press, 1970.

Nkrumah, Kwame. Africa Must Unite. New York: Praeger,
     1963.

Nkrumah, Kwame. I Speak of Freedom: A Statement of African
     Ideology. London: Heinemann, 1961.

Nkrumah, Kwame. Neo-Colonialism: The Last Stage of
     Imperialism. London: Nelson, 1965.

Omari, T. Peter. Kwame Nkrumah: Anatomy of an African
     Dictatorship. New York: Africana, 1970.

Owusu, Maxwell. "The Search for Solvency: Background to the Fall of
     Ghana's Second Republic, 1969-1972," Africa Today,
     19, No. 1, 1972, 52-60.

Owusu, Maxwell. "Ghana: What Went Wrong, A Response," Africa
     Today, 19, No. 2, 1972, 77-80.

Owusu, Maxwell. "Politics Without Parties: Reflections on the Union
     Government Proposals in Ghana," African Studies
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Owusu-Ansah, David. Islamic Talismanic Tradition in Nineteenth-
     Century Asante. Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press,
     1991.

Owusu-Ansah, David. "The Provisional National Defence Council of
     Ghana: A Move Toward Consolidation," International Third
     World Studies Journal and Review, 1, No. 1, 1989, 213-18.

Owusu-Ansah, David, and Daniel M. McFarland. Historical
     Dictionary of Ghana. (2d ed.) Metuchen, New Jersey:
     Scarecrow Press, 1995.

Pellow, Deborah, and Naomi Chazan. Ghana: Coping with
     Uncertainty. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1986.

Pickney, Robert. Ghana under Military Rule: 1966-1969.
     London: Methuen, 1972.

Rathbone, Richard (ed.). British Documents on the End of
     Empire. Series B, Volume 1, Ghana, Part 1, 1941-1952; Part II,
     1952-1957. London: HMSO for the Institute of Commonwealth
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Rattray, Robert, S. Ashanti Law and Constitution. London:
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Robertson, Claire C., and Martin Klein. Women and Slavery in
     Africa. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

Rodney, Walter. How Europe Underdeveloped Africa.
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Rothchild, Donald (ed.). Ghana: The Political Economy of
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Schildkrout, Enid. The Golden Stool: Studies of the Asante
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Schleh, Eugene P. A. "The Post-War Careers of Ex-Servicemen
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Shillington, Kevin. Ghana and the Rawlings Factor. New
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Smith, Robert S. Warfare and Diplomacy in Pre-Colonial West
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Stride, G.T., and Caroline Ifeka. Peoples and Empires of West
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Vansina, Jan, et al. (eds.). The Historian in Tropical
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Vogt, John. Portuguese Rule on the Gold Coast, 1469-1682.
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Ward, William Ernest. A History of Ghana. London: Allen
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Welch, Claude E., Jr. (ed.). Soldier and State in Africa: A
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Wilks, Ivor G. Asante in the Nineteenth Century: The Structure
     and Evolution of a Political Order. London: Cambrige
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Wilks, Ivor G. Forests of Gold: Essays on the Akan and the
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Wilks, Ivor G. "The Mossi and Akan States, 1500-1800." Pages 344-86
     in Michael Crowder and J.F. Ade Ajayi (eds.), History of
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Wilks, Ivor G. "The State of the Akan and the Akan State: A
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Wilks, Ivor, Nehemia Levtzion, and Bruce M. Haight. Chronicles
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Wraith, R.E. Guggisberg. London: Oxford University Press,
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Yarak, Larry W. Asante and the Dutch. London: Oxford
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Young, Crawford. Ideology and Development in Africa. New
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Young, Crawford. Politics in the Congo. Evanston,
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