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WEEKLY NEWSLETTER
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Pakistan
Index
Since independence Pakistan has had to depend on
foreign
assistance in its development efforts and to balance its
international debt payments. In 1960 the World Bank
organized the
Aid-to-Pakistan Consortium to facilitate coordination
among the
major providers of international assistance. The
consortium held
92 percent of Pakistan's outstanding disbursed debt at the
end of
June 1991. The consortium's members include the United
States,
Canada, Japan, Britain, Germany, France, and international
organizations such as the World Bank and the Asian
Development
Bank (ADB). The World Bank accounted for 26 percent of the
outstanding debt, and the ADB, which was the largest
lender in
the early 1990s, accounted for 15 percent. Most
nonconsortium
funding comes from Saudi Arabia and other oil-producing
Middle
Eastern countries. Most aid is in the form of loans,
although the
proportion of grants increased from around 12 percent in
the late
1970s to around 25 percent in the 1980s, mainly because of
food
aid and other funds directed toward Afghan refugees. With
the
decline in this aid after 1988, the proportion of grants
decreased to 16 percent in FY 1992.
The United States has been a major provider of aid
since
independence and was the largest donor in the 1980s
(see Foreign Policy
, ch. 4). All United States military aid and all new
civilian commitments, however, ended in October 1990 after
the
United States Congress failed to receive certification
that
Pakistan was not developing a nuclear bomb. As of early
1994,
United States aid had not resumed, but Agency for
International
Development projects already under way in October 1990
continued
to receive funds
(see
The Armed Forces in a New World Order
, ch. 5).
Data as of April 1994
Cinema in Karachi
Sheila Ross
A craftsman creating beautiful patterns on Namdas
Courtesy Embassy of Pakistan, Washington
Foreign Aid
Since independence Pakistan has had to depend on
foreign
assistance in its development efforts and to balance its
international debt payments. In 1960 the World Bank
organized the
Aid-to-Pakistan Consortium to facilitate coordination
among the
major providers of international assistance. The
consortium held
92 percent of Pakistan's outstanding disbursed debt at the
end of
June 1991. The consortium's members include the United
States,
Canada, Japan, Britain, Germany, France, and international
organizations such as the World Bank and the Asian
Development
Bank (ADB). The World Bank accounted for 26 percent of the
outstanding debt, and the ADB, which was the largest
lender in
the early 1990s, accounted for 15 percent. Most
nonconsortium
funding comes from Saudi Arabia and other oil-producing
Middle
Eastern countries. Most aid is in the form of loans,
although the
proportion of grants increased from around 12 percent in
the late
1970s to around 25 percent in the 1980s, mainly because of
food
aid and other funds directed toward Afghan refugees. With
the
decline in this aid after 1988, the proportion of grants
decreased to 16 percent in FY 1992.
The United States has been a major provider of aid
since
independence and was the largest donor in the 1980s
(see Foreign Policy
, ch. 4). All United States military aid and all new
civilian commitments, however, ended in October 1990 after
the
United States Congress failed to receive certification
that
Pakistan was not developing a nuclear bomb. As of early
1994,
United States aid had not resumed, but Agency for
International
Development projects already under way in October 1990
continued
to receive funds
(see
The Armed Forces in a New World Order
, ch. 5).
Data as of April 1994
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