Chloroquine

This page contains recent news articles, when available, and an overview of Chloroquine but does not offer medical advice. You should contact your physician with regard to any health issues or concerns.

Overview:

Chloroquine (when available)

Pharmacology and use:
Chloroquine is the prototype anti malarial drug, most widely used to treat all types of malaria except for disease caused by chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum. It is highly effective against erythrocytic forms of Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae, sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum and gametocytes of Plasmodium vivax. Being alkaline, the drug reaches high concentration within the food vacuoles of the parasite and raises its pH. It is found to induce rapid clumping of the pigment. Chloroquine inhibits the parasitic enzyme heme polymerase that converts the toxic heme into non-toxic hemazoin, thereby resulting in the accumulation of toxic heme within the parasite. It may also interfere with the biosynthesis of nucleic acids. For the suppressive treatment and for acute attacks of malaria due to P. vivax, P.malariae, P. ovale, and susceptible strains of P. falciparum, Second-line agent in treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Mechanism Of Action:
The mechanism of plasmodicidal action of chloroquine is not completely certain. Like other quinoline derivatives, it is thought to inhibit heme polymerase activity. This results in accumulation of free heme, which is toxic to the parasites.

News Articles on Chloroquine

Durham doctor recognized for  -  Aug 5, 2008
The team quickly put two and two together, realizing the villagers had been taking large amounts of malaria tablets containing chloroquine, which has a Newsdurhamregion.com,

Malaria drug may hit antibiotics  -  Jul 16, 2008
Canadian scientists believe the malaria drug chloroquine - chemically similar to the antibiotics - may have caused the problem. The study was published in BBC News,

Antibiotic Resistance: Blame It on Lifesaving Malaria Drug?  -  Jul 21, 2008
The jump corresponded to the increased use of chloroquine—a drug widely prescribed to prevent and control malaria —after a large outbreak of the disease Scientific American

Early home treatment of childhood fevers with ineffective ...  -  Jul 29, 2008
The most commonly used antimalarial medicine was chloroquine. Treatment policy was revised to Artemesinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) in 2005 as a 7thSpace Interactive (press release),

Malaria meds have knock-on effect in bacteria  -  Jul 17, 2008
Now it seems the cheapest class of anti-malarial drugs, chloroquine and its ilk, causes bacteria to develop resistance to some antibiotics. New Scientist (subscription),

NAFDAC: Agency For Security Fees Or Safe Foods?  -  Jul 29, 2008
They know for instance that a drug like chloroquine is bitter and that if they don't put a little chloroquine in their fake chloroquine, people will know Port Harcourt Telegraph,

Mad rantings about politics, evolution, and microbiology  -  Jul 25, 2008
Sadly, a recent paper in PLoS ONE suggests that treatment of malaria with chloroquine leads to ciprofloxacin resistance. Chloroquine inhibits proteins ScienceBlogs

Govt sets guidelines to check distribution of expired drugs  -  Jul 18, 2008
Mallinga said the expired medicines were mainly homapak (Chloroquine and Fansidar) and ARVs for children. He explained that this was caused by the sudden New Vision,

Study here points to antibiotic resistance from malaria drug  -  Jul 24, 2008
The study suggested that treating malaria with the cheap, widely used drug chloroquine – a drug close to fluoroquinnolones – may increase the risk of Stabroek News,

Antibiotic Resistance Linked to Anti-Malarial Drug  -  Jul 18, 2008
This drug, chloroquine, is chemically similar to a commonly used antibiotic. The team's theory is that, even though the drug is effective at destroying the HealthNews,

Do drugs control your life?  -  Aug 4, 2008
Some of these drugs include benyline syrup, tramol, chloroquine, supper-appetite and the likes. The overdose in-take of any of these drugs or its Triumph,

Clinton announces anti-malaria drug deal  -  Jul 18, 2008
The "little plant" is Artemisinin, a plant extract that is increasingly replacing the standard malarial treatment of Chloroquine, to which the malaria CBC.ca,

Cholroquine Can Resist Other Antibiotics  -  Jul 17, 2008
The study revealed that chloroquine increases the risk of resistance to other antibiotics. Chloroquine is the cheapest and most widely used drug to cure TopNews,

Herbal weapon for mosquitoes  -  Jul 21, 2008
...“Using nets imprinted with chemicals to repel mosquitoes, applying odomox on the body before entering thick jungles and regular use of chloroquine tables Calcutta Telegraph,

Genetic study finds malarial traits in Northeast  -  Jul 9, 2008
ASI Northeast Regional Centre The ASI study detected cases of disorder like jaundice among those G6PD-deficient persons who had intake of chloroquine. The Cheers,

Mumbai breeds mosquitoes; spreads Malaria  -  Jul 21, 2008
Also, almost all cases of P. vivax malaria respond to Chloroquine. The Civic Executive Officer Dr. J Thanekar told media people that malaria spread because Indian Catholic,

Antimalarial drug use in general populations of tropical Africa  -  Jul 8, 2008
The burden of Plasmodium falciparum malaria has worsened because of the emergence of chloroquine resistance. Antimalarial drug use and drug pressure are 7thSpace Interactive (press release),

Molecular epidemiology of drug-resistant malaria in western Kenya ...  -  Jul 31, 2008
...and chloroquine, including dihydrofolate reductase(pfdhfr) and dihydropteroate synthetase (pfdhps), chloroquine resistance transporter gene (pfcrt), 7thSpace Interactive (press release),

Global Fund prepares new to plan to subsidise malaria treatment cost  -  Jul 31, 2008
As a result, many people opt for cheap older malaria drugs like chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), which do not work in many countries. TropIKA,

Indian malarial vaccine set for human trials  -  Jul 10, 2008
Ira Shah, a paediatrician from Mumbai’s BJ Wadia Children’s Hospital, reported the first case of resistance to chloroquine—the standard drug for treating p. Livemint,

India's Vector Borne Disease Project  -  Jul 31, 2008
This major policy change was prompted by new evidence suggesting growing resistance to chloroquine, previously the primary malaria drug in India. World Bank Group,

The biggest killers of under-fives in Katine: malaria  -  Jul 21, 2008
At the moment, however, the teams still have only their Homepaks for malaria treatment, which contain two drugs, chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, guardian.co.uk,

Sub-Saharan Africa news in brief: 17–31 July  -  Jul 31, 2008
More>> Research at 30 sites in Burkina Faso, Cameroon and Senegal suggests that resistance to the antimalarial drug chloroquine is being pushed by SciDev.net,

Access to life-saving malaria treatments  -  Jul 17, 2008
The chosen drugs, Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs), have replaced now ineffective treatments like chloroquine. As Sabot says: "If we lose them guardian.co.uk,

Heart problem: I initially didn’t believe doctors – Kanu  -  Jul 15, 2008
The woman that treated me gave me chloroquine to reduce pain. She gave me an injection.�? Victoria said when the pain did not subside, she went to a hospital The Punch,

Govt hospitals full of expired drugs  -  Jul 13, 2008
The report adds that at the time of audit, Kabale hospital had just received drugs (Aspirin and Chloroquine tablets) that had been ordered from various Daily Monitor,

Malarial deaths giving doctors the shivers  -  Jul 29, 2008
...“Cases of chloroquine resistance as well as severe complications in p. vivax malaria have been reported since 1995,�? said AP Dash, director of the Livemint,

Climate change, lack of research to exacerbate sickle cell disease ...  -  Jul 29, 2008
She says sickle cell patients are still using chloroquine for malaria prevention. But the new Coartem, a combination therapy for malaria manufactured by Africa Science News Service,

Malaria deaths in children drop  -  Jul 8, 2008
The minister told the House that the government stopped the prescription of other medicines like chloroquine, fansidar and others because they had failed to DailyNewsOnline,

Docs guilty in expired medicine controversy  -  Jul 28, 2008
The medicines included paracetamol, chloroquine, metronidazole, dicyclomine tablet and ORS. Reacting on the news, the local administration had set up an Calcutta Telegraph,

Essential role for Nix in autophagic maturation of erythroid cells  -  Jul 17, 2008
Inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine, wortmannin or chloroquine 22, 23 suppressed the removal of mitochondria but not ribosomes in reticulocytes Nature.com (subscription),

Uganda: A Village Shopkeeper Can Manage NMS Better  -  Jul 24, 2008
That is why when the ministry of health outlawed the Fansider and chloroquine drugs for treating malaria and declared the new policy of using combination AllAfrica.com,

German Lawyer Helps Elderly Woman to Commit Suicide  -  Jul 21, 2008
The woman died after swallowing a toxic mixture of the anti-malaria drug chloroquine and a sedative called diazepam. Kusch told reporters that he counselled Lifesite,

Beware of fake drug traders  -  Jul 19, 2008
Especially those afflicted with malaria in Africa, where fake chloroquine may not just contain harmless ingredients but actually has been manufactured with Glens Falls Post-Star,

- Assam training on disease  -  Jul 14, 2008
It was in the district’s Manza area in 1973 that malaria showed resistance to chloroquine tablets for the first time in the world. Calcutta Telegraph,

Scientists reveal potential new target for anti-malarial drugs  -  Jul 9, 2008
However, as the parasites evolve, they have become increasingly resistant to existing treatments such as chloroquine and mefloquine, and there is some News-Medical.net,

Malaria drug linked to antibiotic resistance  -  Jul 16, 2008
New research suggests that treating malaria with the cheap, widely used drug chloroquine may boost the risk of resistance to the class of antibiotics known SmartBrief,

Se protéger du paludisme même lors de courts voyages  -  Aug 5, 2008
Dans le parc Kruger et aux chutes Victoria, les parasites responsables du paludisme (Plasmodium falciparum) sont résistants à la chloroquine, le médicament Le Figaro,

Fin du séminaire sur la nouvelle politique de diagnostique et ...  -  Jul 18, 2008
...de l´efficacité thérapeutique des antipaludiques et dans l´évidence que la traditionnelle chloroquine présente environ 56 pour cent de résistence. AngolaPress,

Les médicaments anti-malaria créent une résistance aux antibiotiques  -  Jul 16, 2008
Il semblerait que les médicaments utilisés pour soigner la malaria, à base de chloroquine, créeraient une résistance aux antibiotiques de la classe des Actualités News Environnement,

Un nouveau traitement contre le paludisme  -  Jul 19, 2008
Les médicaments classiques tels que la chloroquine ou la sulphadoxine-pyriméthamine sont de moins en moins efficaces. La résistance à la chloroquine Gabon Eco,

抗疟疾�?�物�?�能�?低抗生素作用  -  Jul 16, 2008
...研究人员说，环丙沙星抗生素与抗疟疾�?�物"氯喹"（chloroquine BBC 中文网,

Les maladies tropicales, là aussi rien ne vaut la prévention  -  Jul 30, 2008
Parmi les traitements de prévention antipaludiques administrés, on peut citer la quinine et la chloroquine. Reste que bien sûr même une prévention bien Idealo.fr,

抗瘧疾藥物�?�能減低抗生素作用  -  Jul 16, 2008
...研究人員說，環丙沙星抗生素與抗瘧疾藥物"氯□"（chloroquine BBC中文網,

Liệu có biệt dược giúp chống say rượu  -  Jul 21, 2008
...propranolol; chloroquine; diflunisal; digoxine; diphosphonate; fluorure de sodium; glucocorticoide (prednisolone và dexamethasone); indometacine; Nông Nghiệp,

Le paludisme d’importation en France  -  Jul 20, 2008
...au cours des trois dernières années une augmentation progressive des bi-résistances (chloroquine et proguanil) dans certains pays d’Afrique de l’Ouest. CTendance,

Le chikungunya  -  Jul 21, 2008
Les essais se sont donc poursuivis sur modèle animal (macaques) et ont permis de conclure sans ambiguïté que la chloroquine n'est pas efficace contre le Continental News,

Genetic study finds malarial traits in Northeast  -  03 Jul 2008
The ASI study detected cases of disorder like jaundice among those G-6-PD-deficient persons who had intake of chloroquine. "Though researchers have found Press Trust of India,

PHCN-killing us not so softly  -  03 Jul 2008
Hospitals are overflowing with sundry cases of chloroquine-resistant malaria, not to mention upper and lower respiratory tract infections. Vanguard,

Germany Recoils at the Assisted Suicide of a Healthy, 79-Year-Old ...  -  03 Jul 2008
Her last words, after swallowing a deadly cocktail of the anti-malaria drug Chloroquine and the sedative diazepam, were “Auf Wiedersehen,�? Mr. Kusch New York Times,

German activist under fire for helping healthy woman commit suicide  -  Jul 1, 2008
..."At around 11:30, she began to prepare three glasses -- one with the sedative diazepam, one with a mixture of the anti-malaria drug chloroquine and one with USA Today

Jeremy Laurance: Bringing effective help to those who most need it  -  Jun 3, 2008
The usual response to a fever was to reach for a dose of chloroquine, available for a few pennies from any village store. For 40 years, chloroquine was the Independent,

Robert's Caribbean Travel Blog  -  Jun 26, 2008
..."Based on the repeated instances of chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum malaria occurring in travelers to the island of Great Exuma, there appears About - News & Issues,

Malaria still major killer in Solomon Islands - Koli  -  Jun 11, 2008
He said even chloroquine resistance is becoming a big problem and to change from using it to a new treatment will require a lot of education and even Solomon Star,

Diseases are here, but not the drugs  -  Jun 17, 2008
Even KEM Hospital, which handles more than 5000 patients per day, has only Chloroquine and Doxycycline drugs to check dengue and leptospirosis. Daily News & Analysis,

Re: Medicine - danger in the pack  -  Jun 28, 2008
You need at least five hundred naira to assemble the herbs and plants for malaria cure in the market, whereas, you can get chloroquine for less than one Vanguard,

A New Attack on Malaria  -  Jun 4, 2008
...public health workers battled malaria for more than a decade with the insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and the drug chloroquine. New England Journal of Medicine (subscription),

Taming the malaria scourge  -  Jun 26, 2008
Although the malaria parasite has, over time, developed resistance to some of the first line drugs for its treatment like chloroquine, the good news is that Daily Sun,

First, do not give up  -  Jun 15, 2008
In a recent study in Mexico, chloroquine, an antimalaria drug, appeared to markedly increase survival time. The results were published in the Annals of Boston Globe,

Stopping malaria's death march  -  Jun 15, 2008
Chloroquine, for over 50 years, was the most effective drug for malaria because of its low cost. But the malaria that is devastating parts of Africa is Baltimore Sun,

Can Malaria Be Eradicated In Africa?  -  Jun 25, 2008
WHO in 1955 had hoped that malaria would be eradicated with the discovery of DDT, Chloroquine and Quinine. DDT which was used successfully in some countries Ici Cemac,

When “Pro-Life�? Policies Dominate  -  Jun 20, 2008
They might have tried mixing high doses of the malaria-prevention drug chloroquine with a penicillin-type antibiotic and drinking it in a Coca Cola base. Feministe

Malaria and Monogamy  -  Jun 19, 2008
Drugs such as chloroquine and amodiaquine, which once cured 95 percent of cases, are all but useless in many areas of the world. Scienceline,

Resurgence of malaria  -  Jun 17, 2008
...like DDT no longer work, and some of the bacteria which mosquitoes inject into the patients' blood have become immune to drugs like chloroquine. The Daily Star,

Early Sustained RA Remissions Possible Without the Big Guns  -  Jun 13, 2008
In the early years of the study (1993 - 1995), patients were treated with a delayed treatment strategy with chloroquine, sulfasalazine, or methotrexate; Medscape (subscription)

Garu-Tempane to get GH¢50000 to expand Guinea fowl Project  -  Jun 3, 2008
...and the implementation of the new anti-malaria drug policy using artesunate and Amodiaquine to replace chloroquine for the treatment of malaria. Modern Ghana,

Improved Pulmonary Function By Acid Sphingomyelinase Inhibition in ...  -  Jun 3, 2008
Meerbach W, Grabner R, Muller U, Zimmermann W. Influence of imipramine and chloroquine on lung phospholipid content and lung structure in newborn rats. RedOrbit,

HEALTH-KENYA: Malaria Rises to Highland Areas  -  Jun 26, 2008
...disease in the 1980s, only to see it recur years later as the parasite developed resistance to chloroquine, the medicine used to control malaria there. IPS,

How Malaria Impoverishes Country  -  Jun 3, 2008
...the higher costs of treating the under 5s and other family members in private clinics and urban areas, chloroquine failures which require more expensive Trading Markets (press release),

Brand Names/Synonyms:
Chloroquine is also known by the following brand names and/or synonyms3377 RP; 3377 RP opalate; Amokin; Aralen; Aralen HCl; Arechin; Arthrochin; Artrichin; Avlochlor; Avloclor; Bemaco; Bemaphate; Bemasulph; Benaquin; Bipiquin; Capquin; Chemochin; Chingamin; Chloraquine; Chlorochin; Chlorochine; Chloroquina; Chloroquine; Chloroquine Phosphate; Chloroquinium; Chlorquin; Cidanchin; Clorochina; Cocartrit; Delagil; Dichinalex; Elestol; Gontochin; Heliopar; Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate; Imagon; Iroquine; Klorokin; Lapaquin; Malaquin; Malaren; Malarex; Mesylith; Neochin; Nivachine; Nivaquine; Nivaquine B; Nivaquine [as sulfate]; Pfizerquine; Plaquenil; Quinachlor; Quinagamin; Quinagamine; Quinercyl; Quingamine; Quinilon; Quinoscan; RP 3377; Resochen; Resochin; Resoquina; Resoquine; Reumachlor; Reumaquin; Roquine; SN 6718; SN 7618; Sanoquin; Silbesan; Siragan; Solprina; Sopaquin; Tanakan; Tresochin; Trochin; W 7618; WIN 244; Chloroquine (VAN)

Drug Category:
Chloroquine is categorized under the following by the FDA: Antirheumatic Agents; Antimalarials; Amebicides; ATC:P01BA01; ATC:P01BA02

Dosage Forms:
TABLET

Absorption:
Completely absorbed from gastrointestinal tract

Interactions:
Interactions for Chloroquine: Antacids and kaolin: Antacids and kaolin can reduce absorption of chloroquine; an interval of at least 4 hours between intake of these agents and chloroquine should be observed. Cimetidine: Cimetidine can inhibit the metabolism of chloroquine, increasing its plasma level. Concomitant use of cimetidine should be avoided. Ampicillin: In a study of healthy volunteers, chloroquine significantly reduced the bioavailability of ampicillin. An interval of at least two hours between intake of this agent and chloroquine should be observed. Cyclosporin: After introduction of chloroquine (oral form), a sudden increase in serum cyclosporin level has been reported. Therefore, close monitoring of serum cyclosporin level is recommended and, if necessary, chloroquine should be discontinued.

Chemical IUPAC Name:
N'-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-N,N-diethyl-pentane-1,4-diamine

:

Web health.mongabay.com

Disclaimer:

Contact a physician with regard to health concerns. Email requests for further health information will be discarded.

The materials contained on this Web site are for informational purposes only and do not constitute health or medical advice. Use of information on this site does not create or constitute any kind of agreement or contract between you and the owners or users of this site, the owners of the servers upon which it is housed, or anyone else who is in any way connected with this site.

Many links on health.mongabay.com lead to other sites. health.mongabay.com does not sponsor, endorse or otherwise approve of the materials appearing in such sites. Nor is health.mongabay.com responsible for dead or misdirected links.