Alprazolam

This page contains recent news articles, when available, and an overview of Alprazolam but does not offer medical advice. You should contact your physician with regard to any health issues or concerns.


Overview:

Alprazolam
(when available)

Pharmacology and use:
Zafirlukast is a synthetic, selective peptide leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) indicated for the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma. Patients with asthma were found in one study to be 25-100 times more sensitive to the bronchoconstricting activity of inhaled LTD4 than nonasthmatic subjects. in vitro studies demonstrated that Zafirlukast antagonized the contractile activity of three leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4) in conducting airway smooth muscle from laboratory animals and humans. Zafirlukast prevented intradermal LTD4-induced increases in cutaneous vascular permeability and inhibited inhaled LTD4-induced influx of eosinophils into animal lungs. For the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma

Mechanism Of Action:
Zafirlukast is a selective and competitive receptor antagonist of leukotriene D4 and E4 (LTD4 and LTE4), components of slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRSA). Cysteinyl leukotriene production and receptor occupation have been correlated with the pathophysiology of asthma, including airway edema, smooth muscle constriction, and altered cellular activity associated with the inflammatory process, which contribute to the signs and symptoms of asthma.

News Articles on Zafirlukast

AP couple arrested for trafficking drugs  -  30 Aug 2009
Investigators searched his vehicle and reportedly found a prescription bottle for alprazolam. Inside were nine hydrocodone pills and not the medication that Tampa Tribune

Young mother arrested after drugs sold to undercover agents  -  ‎Aug 28, 2009‎
The next day, she sold three Hydrocodone and two Alprazolam pills for $30 to an agent from her home. The following day, she sold five Hydrocodone and five Shreveport Times

Former Mercer County Sheriff Pleads Guilty to Federal Drug Charge  -  ‎Aug 27, 2009‎
Wills also admitted to agents that he had written prescriptions for alprazolam, also known as Xanax, a schedule IV controlled substance, in the names of his State Journal

Alprazolam Website Discusses Popular Anxiety Treatment  -  ‎Aug 18, 2009‎
The website, named after the popular anxiety relief medication, offers information on both Alprazolam ( http://www.alprazolam.org ) the medication and The Open Press (press release)

10 indicted by Rowan County grand jury  -  ‎Aug 28, 2009‎
...trafficked in oxycodone and alprazolam and carried a .22 caliber revolver and a Smith & Wesson “extreme Ops� switch blade knife without a permit on Jan. Morehead News

Judge OKs evidence in football player's trial  -  ‎Aug 28, 2009‎
Bo Bowling, 21, a Tonkawa native, is charged with possession of marijuana with intent to distribute, possession of controlled substances — Alprazolam, Stillwater NewsPress

Blotter: Shreveport authorities investigating possible child abuse  -  ‎Aug 29, 2009‎
The next day, she sold three Hydrocodone and two Alprazolam pills for $30 to an agent from her home. The following day, she sold five Hydrocodone and five Shreveport Times

Police blotter  -  ‎Aug 27, 2009‎
He was charged with possession of a schedule IV narcotic (Xanax/Alprazolam), manufacture/distribution of drugs, distribution of drugs within 1000 feet of Dailyrecord.com

Overdose: But was it suicide?  -  ‎Aug 25, 2009‎
Xanax is a prescription drug also known as Alprazolam and is commonly used to treat anxiety and depression disorders, according to the New England Journal Willows Journal

2 charged with breaking and entering  -  ‎Aug 25, 2009‎
Dianna Singleton Love, 43, of Old Henson Cove Road, Canton, charged with attempting to obtain alprazolam with an altered prescription, warrants show. Asheville Citizen-Times

Autopsy: Billy Mays' Death Linked to Cocaine  -  ‎Aug 7, 2009‎
Toxicology tests also showed therapeutic amounts of painkillers hydrocodone, oxycodone and tramadol, as well as anti-anxiety drugs alprazolam and diazepam. Seattle Post Intelligencer

St. Lucie Crime Blotter Aug. 21  -  ‎Aug 21, 2009‎
Evelyn Hall, 37, 400 block of Main Street, Salt Lick, Ky, possession of alprazolam. Joseph Contino, 20, 3700 block of White Pine Lane, Ormond Beach, TCPalm

Two men facing charges relating to sale of prescription drugs  -  ‎Aug 19, 2009‎
After a five-month investigation, officers went to the home and seized more than 200 pills from the home including Oxycontin, Hydrocodone and Alprazolam. Gainesville Sun

Billy Mays family has no knowledge of cocaine use  -  ‎Aug 10, 2009‎
Also found in his blood were Hydrocodone, Oxycodone and Tramadol (by prescription for hip pain), and the anti-anxiety drugs Alprazolam and Diazepam. Examiner.com

Police: Man Planned To Sell Drugs Near Playground  -  ‎Aug 11, 2009‎
The arresting officers found 23 Clonazepam pills, 1.5 Alprazolam pills and 7 hydrocodone pills in Logan's left pocket, according to a news release from the WYFF4.com

Charges filed against woman accused of smuggling drugs into jail  -  ‎Aug 18, 2009‎
...was obtained and officials conducted a body cavity search which revealed a package contained suspected heroin and tablets of Alprazolam and Methadone. KONP.COM 1450

2 Mississippi men jailed on drug charges  -  ‎Aug 10, 2009‎
Also recovered were six bottle of medication, including hydrocodone, alprazolam and soma, according to the news release. Both men were taken to the Bossier Shreveport Times

Don't delay in finding cause of your memory loss  -  ‎Aug 3, 2009‎
Q) I have been taking a medication called alprazolam for many years. When I started, I took one pill three times a day. After three years, I started taking GoErie.com

Two homeless people facing drug charges  -  ‎Aug 17, 2009‎
Audrey Kraatz, 35, was charged with the delivery of Alprazolam (Xanax) within 1000 feet of a park in Morris on Wednesday, Aug. 12. Kraatz and George Wicks, Morris Daily Herald

Man with "I-10" tatoo arrested  -  ‎Aug 15, 2009‎
Inside the bag, deputies found Alprazolam pills and marijuana. A .45 caliber handgun was located underneath the plastic baggies, according to the report. The Northwest Florida Daily News

Jackson's Toxicology Report Shows More Than One Drug  -  ‎Aug 7, 2009‎
TMZ is reporting that alprazolam, which is better known as Xanax, was also found. This drug is commonly used to treat patients with anxiety. Hollyscoop

Hawkins man accused of stealing $27000 from elderly mom  -  ‎Aug 27, 2009‎
Hunter A. Castle, 19, 315 Frisco Ave., Church Hill, felony reckless endangerment, DUI, simple possession of alprazolam, and three counts of possession of Kingsport Times News

Prosecution: Driver in crash on alcohol, drugs  -  ‎Aug 28, 2009‎
She had Alprazolam, a prescription anti-anxiety drug that can cause drowsiness, in her system and a handful of the pills in her purse, the papers say. Anchorage Daily News

Allegations don't deter Billy Mays tribute  -  ‎Aug 27, 2009‎
Toxicology tests also showed therapeutic amounts of painkillers hydrocodone, oxycodone and tramadol, as well as anti-anxiety drugs alprazolam and diazepam. Pittsburgh Post Gazette

Benzodiazepine Effect: Inside Michael Jackson's Death  -  ‎Aug 28, 2009‎
The family of antianxiety drugs known as Benzodiazepines includes Alprazolam (Xanax), Chlordiazepoxide (Librium), Diazepam (Valium) and Lorazepam (Ativan). American Superstar Magazine

Michael Jackson's Toxicology Report Reveals Presence Of Propofol  -  ‎Aug 10, 2009‎
Reportedly, his toxicology reports has also indicated the detection of the drug alprazolam (also known as Xanax), which is used to treat anxiety disorders Thaindian.com

Pair allegedly tried to fill prescription  -  ‎Aug 25, 2009‎
The woman, identified as Brenda Jewel Moss, 53, of Seventh Avenue, had entered the pharmacy with a prescription for 30 2-mg Alprazolam, commonly known as Daily Mail - Charleston

Couple accused of burglarizing apartment  -  ‎Aug 26, 2009‎
A search of Rogers prior to arrest revealed an oval colored pill, later identified as Alprazolam, in his right front pants pocket. Daytona Beach News-Journal

Church Hill man accused of stabbing brother in cemetery  -  ‎Aug 26, 2009‎
Daniel Phillip Martin, 24, 618 Etter St., Rogersville, aggravated burglary, two counts of auto burglary, theft under $500, simple possession of alprazolam, Kingsport Times News

Area arrests for Aug. 26  -  ‎Aug 25, 2009‎
989-A Beaverdale Road, Dalton, was charged Monday by the Whitfield County Sheriff's Office with possession of methamphetamine, possession of alprazolam, Daily Citizen

News from the Madison Police Department  -  ‎Aug 24, 2009‎
33 year old Stephen Williams of Newark NJ and charged him with possession of a schedule IV narcotic (Xanax/Alprazolam), manufacture/distribution of CDS, TheAlternativePress.com

Drug abuse in the shadow of Yemeni society  -  ‎Aug 24, 2009‎
A valium strip costs only YR 80 and the Restyl (Alprazolam) tape cost YR 150 and, when there is no prescription, the pharmacists just demand double the Yemen Times

Wanted on many warrants, man was too near Madison crime scene  -  ‎Aug 26, 2009‎
...of Newark on the charges of possession of a schedule IV narcotic ‑ Xanax/Alprazolam – the manufacture/distribution of a controlled dangerous substance, Madison Eagle

Instead of moving on, Johnson can move up PGA leaderboard  -  ‎Aug 14, 2009‎
Death has been reported in association with overdoses of alprazolam by itself, as it has with other benzodiazepines. In addition, fatalities have been Gazette Online

Prescription drug Xanax robs memory from young and old  -  ‎Aug 25, 2009‎
According to the Physicians' Desk Reference and several other sources including neurologist Dr. Stuart Shipko (power-surge.com), users of Xanax (alprazolam) Examiner.com

Kingsport woman indicted in robbery of Shell station  -  ‎Aug 25, 2009‎
Matthew Gregory Haskell, 24, 2500 Highway 75 North, Rogersville, possession of Schedule IV controlled substance (Alprazolam) for delivery or sale, Kingsport Times News

Stoddard County woman arrested for alleged drug possession ...  -  ‎Aug 26, 2009‎
Among the pills were Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril), Alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin) and Skelaxin. After being transported to the Stoddard County Jail Southeast Missourian

Burke couple accused in robbery  -  ‎Aug 25, 2009‎
Oglesby was charged with armed robbery, possession of a firearm during the commission of a crime, possession of Alprazolam with the intent to distribute, True Citizen (subscription)

Hearing set for area doctor in drug, forgery case  -  ‎Aug 25, 2009‎
The drugs included narcotic pain relievers such as hydrocodone, vicodin and codeine, anxiety drugs such as alprazolam, sedatives such as zolpidem and Hannibal.net

Two face theft, drug charges in Waltham  -  ‎Aug 24, 2009‎
Police identified the drugs as cocaine, oxycodone, suboxone, an opioid similar to morphine, codeine, and heroin, and alprazolam, an anti-anxiety Daily News Tribune

Federer y Murray disputarán una de las semifinales del Masters de ...  -  ‎Aug 21, 2009‎
They exhibit higher plasma alprazolam concentrations due to reduced clearance of the drug as compared with a younger population receiving the same doses. La Prensa Gráfica

What's New In The Veterinary Profession » Police warn vets to be ...  -  ‎Aug 6, 2009‎
..."Methadone, Ketamine, Alprazolam and Diazepam are all commonly-abused by drug users, and nationally there have been a lot of problems with users buying VetSurgeon.org (subscription)

Police say boat raid turns up $5000 in drugs  -  ‎Aug 19, 2009‎
...possession with intent to distribute a Class D substance (marijuana), nine counts of possession of a Class E substance (Levitra, alprazolam, rozerem, Cape Cod Times

Investigator says drug case has broad implications  -  ‎Aug 18, 2009‎
The drugs included narcotic pain relievers such as hydrocodone, vicodin and codeine, anxiety drugs such as alprazolam, sedatives such as zolpidem and Hannibal.net

Critter Care: Lightning, thunder cause headaches for dog owners  -  ‎Aug 22, 2009‎
In her 2004 article “Storm Phobias� on veterinarynews.dvm360.com, veterinarian Karen L. Overall said she was partial to doggie doses of alprazolam, Lawrence Journal World

More East Texans find their fix at pharmacies  -  ‎Aug 22, 2009‎
Pharmacist Jim Schumacher of T&H Pharmacy in Longview sorts a tray with, from left, Vicodin generic hydrocodone, Xanax generic alprazolam and Soma generic News-Journal.com

COPS AND COURTS  -  ‎Aug 21, 2009‎
Three bags of marijuana, totalling 59.4 grams, 87 Diazepam pills and 27 Alprazolam pills were also found in the truck, according to the report. The Morning Journal

Mother and son arrested on drug charges  -  ‎Aug 17, 2009‎
During the search officials say they seized 41 Alprazolam (Xanax) pills, 100 Oxycodone pills and 1.7 grams of Marijuana. Members also located .6 grams of WPDE

Brand Names/Synonyms:
Alprazolam is also known by the following brand names and/or synonymsAlplax; Alprazolam; Alpronax; Bestrol; Cassadan; Constan; D 65MT; Esparon; Frontal; Intensol; Niravam; TUS-1; Tafil; Trankimazin; Tranquinal; Xanax; Xanax Xr; Xanor

Drug Category:
Alprazolam is categorized under the following by the FDA: Anti-anxiety Agents; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Benzodiazepines; GABA Modulators;

Dosage Forms:
TABLET

Absorption:
Following oral administration Benzodiazepines are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, usually within 1 to 2 hours. Following intramuscular administration _ Lorazepam absorption is rapid and complete, whereas chlordiazepoxide and diazepam absorption may be slow and erratic, depending upon the site of administration . When diazepam is injected into the deltoid muscle, absorption is usually rapid and complete . Following rectal administration _ Absorption of diazepam rectal solution and rectal gel is rapid.

Interactions:
-->Interactions for Alprazolam:

The benzodiazepines, including alprazolam, produce additive CNS depressant effects when co-administered with other psychotropic medications, anticonvulsants, antihistaminics, ethanol, and other drugs which themselves produce CNS depression.

The steady state plasma concentrations of imipramine and desipramine have been reported to be increased an average of 31% and 20%, respectively, by the concomitant administration of alprazolam tablets in doses up to 4 mg/day. The clinical significance of these changes is unknown.

Drugs That Inhibit Alprazolam Metabolism Via Cytochrome P450 3A: The initial step in alprazolam metabolism is hydroxylation catalyzed by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP 3A). Drugs which inhibit this metabolic pathway may have a profound effect on the clearance of alprazolam .

Drugs Demonstrated to be CYP 3A Inhibitors of Possible Clinical Significance on the Basis of Clinical Studies Involving Alprazolam (caution is recommended during coadministration with alprazolam):

Fluoxetine: Coadministration of fluoxetine with alprazolam increased the maximum plasma concentration of alprazolam by 46%, decreased clearance by 21%, increased half-life by 17%, and decreased measured psychomotor performance.
Propoxyphene: Coadministration of propoxyphene decreased the maximum plasma concentration of alprazolam by 6%, decreased clearance by 38%, and increased half-life by 58%.
Oral Contraceptives: Coadministration of oral contraceptives increased the maximum plasma concentration of alprazolam by 18%, decreased clearance by 22%, and increased half-life by 29%.

Drugs and other substances demonstrated to be CYP 3A inhibitors on the basis of clinical studies involving benzodiazepines metabolized similarly to alprazolam or on the basis of in vitro studies with alprazolam or other benzodiazepines (caution is recommended during coadministration with alprazolam): Available data from clinical studies of benzodiazepines other than alprazolam suggest a possible drug interaction with alprazolam for the following: diltiazem, isoniazid, macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin and clarithromycin, and grapefruit juice. Data from in vitro studies of alprazolam suggest a possible drug interaction with alprazolam for the following: sertraline and paroxetine. Data from in vitro studies of benzodiazepines other than alprazolam suggest a possible drug interaction for the following: ergotamine, cyclosporine, amiodarone, nicardipine, and nifedipine. Caution is recommended during the coadministration of any of these with alprazolam.





Chemical IUPAC Name:
8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine

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